Britney Spears‘ “If U Seek Amy” came out at a time when Amy Winehouse was one of the most famous and controversial singers alive. The tune might allude to Winehouse’s public image. Here’s a look at the different elements at play in one of the most unusual pop hits of all time.

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Britney Spears’ ‘If U Seek Amy’ aligns with Amy Winehouse’s public image

“If U Seek Amy” is based around some naughty wordplay. You might find a profane message hidden between the lines if you say the song’s title with just the right cadence. Ultimately, Spears used the song to assert her own attractiveness while sassily dismissing the press who had been attacking her for so long.

The use of the name “Amy” in the track could be a reference to Winehouse. The “Rehab” singer dealt with some of the same personal struggles as Spears, and the press was not too kind to her either. “If U Seek Amy” also alludes to the titular Amy smoking, drinking, and clubbing, which aligns with Winehouse’s wild child lifestyle. Winehouse also sang about drinking and drugs in several of her songs. With all that in mind, it’s possible “If U Seek Amy” was designed to remind listeners of the “Back to Black” star.

What made Britney Spears’ song different from an Amy Winehouse song

Of course, there’s one big difference between “If U Seek Amy” and a Winehouse song: “If U Seek Amy” isn’t retro. Winehouse’s music was heavily indebted to artists who peaked during the 1960s and earlier. She even named her first album after Frank Sinatra.

On the other hand, “If U Seek Amy” was very modern when it came out in 2008. It was at the forefront of the dance-pop boom that would take over during the next few years. In addition, it has a stomping hook that would have gone well with the scene kids of the time. For better or worse, 3OH!3 could have written “If U Seek Amy.”

How critics and audiences reacted to ‘If U Seek Amy’

Despite (or, perhaps, because of) its vulgarities, “If U Seek Amy” garnered acclaim from critics. In his 2002 ranking of all of Spears’ songs, Rolling Stone‘s Rob Sheffield put “If U Seek Amy” at No. 12. That’s higher than “Till the World Ends,” “Hold It Against Me,” or “Circus.”

“It’s the way she snickers — ‘Ha-ha, hee-hee, ha-ha-ho!’ — that makes this one slightly scary as well as brilliant,” Sheffield opined. “‘If You Seek Amy’ got attention for the playful censor-baiting chorus: ‘All of the boys and all of the girls are begging to/ If you seek Amy!’ (Say it out loud.) But the beat is even funnier than the words. And by the end, all of the boys and all of the girls have a point.”

“If U Seek Amy” became a modest hit, reaching No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 and spending 20 weeks on the chart. It appeared on Circus, Spears’ big comeback album. That record topped the Billboard 200 for one week, lasting on the chart for 42 weeks in total.

“If U Seek Amy” is one of the best novelty songs ever and it might allude to one of the defining musicians of the 2000s.